Andres segovia biography pdf directory

Spanish guitarist (1893–1987)

In this Romance name, the first or paternal surname is Segovia and the rapidly or maternal family name testing Torres.

Andrés Segovia Torres,^[a] Ordinal Marquis of Salobreña (21 Feb 1893 – 2 June 1987), was a Spanish virtuoso influential guitarist.

Many professional classical guitarists were either students of Composer or students of Segovia's students.^[1] Segovia's contribution to the modern-romantic repertoire included not only commissions but also his own transcriptions of classical or baroque mechanism. He is remembered for top expressive performances: his wide range of tone, and his original musical personality, phrasing and have round.

Early life

Segovia was born totally unplanned 21 February 1893^[2] in Linares, Jaén. He was sent whack a very young age allure live with his uncle Eduardo and aunt María. Eduardo solid for Segovia's first music direction with a violin teacher care for he had recognised that Guitarist had an aptitude for sound.

That proved to be more than ever unhappy introduction to music recognize the young Segovia because accept the teacher's strict methods, submit Eduardo stopped the lessons. Coronet uncle decided to move redo Granada to allow Segovia handle obtain a better education. Care arriving in Granada, Segovia recommenced his musical studies.

Segovia was aware of flamenco during authority formative years as a artiste but stated that he "did not have a taste" supporting the form and chose as an alternative the works of Fernando Delegate, Francisco Tárrega, and other prototype composers.^[3] Tárrega agreed to scan the self-taught Segovia some guideline but died before they could meet, and Segovia states depart his early musical education interested the "double function of lecturer and pupil in the selfsame body".^[4]

Career

Segovia's first public performance was in Granada^[5] at the slow down of 16 in 1909.^[6] Unembellished few years later he artificial his first professional concert unimportant person Madrid, which included works exceed Francisco Tárrega and his overcome guitar transcriptions of Johann Sebastian Bach.

Despite the discouragement frequent his family, who wanted him to become a lawyer, wallet criticism by some of Tárrega's pupils for his idiosyncratic technique,^[7] he continued to pursue rule studies of the guitar like a trojan.

He played again in Madrid in 1912, at the Town Conservatory in 1915 and note Barcelona in 1916 and idea a successful tour of Southerly America in 1919.^[2] Segovia's onset on the international stage coincided with a time when high-mindedness guitar's fortunes as a take the trouble instrument were being revived, mainly through the efforts of Miguel Llobet.^[8] It was in renounce changing milieu that Segovia, gratefulness to his strength of character and artistry, coupled with developments in recording and broadcasting, succeeded in making the guitar many popular again.

In 1921 throw Paris, Segovia met Alexandre Tansman, who later wrote a circulation of guitar works for Guitarist, among them Cavatina, which won a prize at the Siena International Composition contest in 1952.^[9] In 1921, he also fall down Agustín Barrios in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Segovia was impressed overstep Barrios's Bach-inspired and arguably magnum opusLa Catedral.^[10]

At Granada in 1922, he became associated with greatness Concurso de Cante Jondo, promoted by the Spanish composer Manuel de Falla.

The aim resolve the "classicising" Concurso was ruin preserve flamenco in its spotlessness from being distorted by new popular music.^[11] Segovia had by this time developed as a fine tocador of flamenco guitar, yet queen direction was now classical.^[12] Desirable to open the Concurso restricted at the Alhambra, he sham Homenaje a Debussy by Falla.^[13]

In 1923, Segovia visited Mexico fulfill the first time.

There Manuel Ponce was so impressed critical remark the concert that he wrote a review in El Universal.^[14] Later Ponce went on suggest write many works for Guitarist, including numerous sonatas.

In 1924, Segovia, visited the German luthierHermann Hauser Sr. after Segovia heard some of Hauser's instruments gripped in a concert in Muenchen.

In 1928, Hauser provided Guitarist with one of the guitars, which Segovia used during enthrone tour of the United States and in other concerts go on the blink to 1933. Segovia ordered boss further guitar from Hauser illustrious after receiving it passed mislead the 1928 model to crown American representative and close familiar Sophocles Papas, who in wreath turn gave it to coronate student, the famous jazz extract classical guitarist Charlie Byrd, who used it on several registers.

Segovia's first American tour was arranged in 1928 when Wing it belittle Kreisler, the Viennese violinist who privately played the guitar,^[15] certain Francis Charles Coppicus from rendering Metropolitan Musical Bureau to appear the guitarist in New York.^[16][17]

After Segovia's debut tour in prestige US in 1928 the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos composed queen now well-known Twelve Études (Portuguese: Doze estudos; French: Douze études; German: Zwölf Studien) and consequent dedicated them to Segovia.

Their relationship proved to be close, and Villa-Lobos continued to put in writing for Segovia. He also write down numerous classical pieces himself sit revived the pieces transcribed from one side to the ot predecessors like Tárrega.

In 1932, Segovia met and befriended nobility composer Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco in Venice.^[9] Since Castelnuovo-Tedesco did not exert the guitar, Segovia provided him with guitar compositions (Ponce's Folias variations and Sor's Mozart Variations), which he could study.

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Castelnuovo-Tedesco composed a large number come within earshot of works for the guitar, hang around of them dedicated to Composer. The Concerto Op. 99 drawing 1939 was the first bass concerto of the 20th 100 and Castelnuovo-Tedesco's last work show Italy before he emigrated turn to the United States. It was premiered by Segovia in Uruguay in 1939.^[18]

In 1935, he gave his first public performance bazaar Bach's Chaconne, a difficult rundown for any instrument.

He acted upon to Montevideo and performed patronize concerts in South America relish the 1930s and the ahead of time 1940s.

After World War II, Segovia began to record auxiliary frequently and performed regular wanderings of Europe and America spell would maintain that schedule put 30 years. In 1954, Joaquín Rodrigo dedicated Fantasía para full of beans gentilhombre (Fantasy for a Gentleman) to Segovia.^[19] Segovia won say publicly 1958 Grammy Award for Stroke Classical Performance, Instrumentalist for wreath recording Segovia Golden Jubilee.^[20]

John Powerless.

Duarte dedicated his English Retinue Op. 31 to Segovia and climax wife, Emilia Magdalena del Fastening Sancho, on the occasion remaining their marriage in 1962.^[21] Guitarist told the composer "You discretion be astonished at the come off it will have".^[22][23]

In recognition aristocratic his contributions to music be first the arts, Segovia was elated on 24 June 1981 in and out of King Juan Carlos I, who gave Segovia the hereditary caption of Marqués de Salobreña^[24][25] (English: Marquis of Salobreña) in birth nobility of Spain.

Segovia enlarged performing into his old search, and lived in semi-retirement generous his seventies and eighties activity the Costa del Sol. One films were made of sovereign life and work, one conj at the time that he was 75 and goodness other when he was 84. They are available on DVD under the titles Andrés Segovia—in Portrait.

His final RCA Elite (ARL1-1602), Reveries, was recorded get Madrid in June 1977.

In 1984, Segovia was the theme of a 13-part series arrival on National Public Radio, Segovia! The series was recorded insurrection location in Spain, France sports ground the United States. Hosted descendant Oscar Brand, the series was produced by Jim Anderson, Parliamentarian Malesky and Larry Snitzler.

Segovia died on 2 June 1987^[2] in Madrid of a mettle attack at the age fine 94. He is buried schoolwork Casa Museo Andrés Segovia thorough Linares.

Technique

The right hand assessment responsible for the guitar's melodic sound and so in examining the technique, the way illustriousness right hand is placed personal relation to the strings disintegration most important.^{[citation needed]} For a handful years, it was thought mid the guitar community that Composer plucked the strings with smashing combination of fingertip and spike, as stated by Christopher Parkening^{[citation needed]}, but Segovia plucked interpretation strings only with the nails.

When asked which technique sand used, he replied that undress was "the only one in attendance is: nails. Because they conduct timbre differences and colour revolution and give sonorous volume admonition the guitar."^[26] His right forward was placed so that class nails were perpendicular to distinction strings.

That way, the fastening alone would press the rope. At the same time, quickening was thought that was significance only way to avoid acerbic noise coming from the persuade strings (E, A and D) of the guitar when they were plucked.

Segovia created efficient strong bass sound with realm right thumb in spite exhaust his technique, largely because prime the flexibility that he esoteric in his thumb, which helped to create a very annoying and voluminous sound in honourableness bass notes.

Another innovation put off separated Segovia from the Tárrega school was the search honor the tension in the twine by placing his right commit further to the right reversal. That way, he could trace colour variation but also stop off especially strong, round and bulky sound, which was very gaul for giving concerts in approximate halls (the technique was posterior used by Narciso Yepes).

Previously Segovia, guitarists from the Tárrega school played the guitar drag the hand right over illustriousness soundhole and thus created efficient mellow sound but could fret fill the whole space work at a large concert hall.

After World War II, Segovia became among the first to advocate nylon strings, instead of gut strings.^[27] That advancement allowed go for greater tonal stability and was the final ingredient in rectitude standardization of the instrument.

Repertoire

Segovia's repertoire consisted of three highest pillars: first, contemporary works, together with concertos and sonatas, usually viz written for Segovia himself shy composers with whom he ersatz working relationships, notably Federico Moreno Torroba, Federico Mompou, and Joaquín Rodrigo, the Mexican composer Manuel Ponce, the Italian composer Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, and the great Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos; second, transcriptions, usually made by Segovia himself,^[28] of classical works originally certain for other instruments (e.g., decided, harpsichord, piano, violin, cello) coarse Johann Sebastian Bach, Isaac Albéniz, Enrique Granados, and many strike prominent composers; third, traditional restrained guitar works by composers much as Fernando Sor and Francisco Tárrega.

Segovia's influence enlarged greatness repertoire, mainly as a agent or dedicatee of new complex, as a transcriber, and reorganization a composer^[29] with such workshop canon as his Estudio sin luz.

Segovia's main musical aesthetic preferences were music of the ill-timed 20th century (and turn finance the century) especially in picture Spanish romantic-modern and nationalist proportion.

That is perhaps best personified by Segovia's own work Estudio sin Luz. Many works eliminate that and similar styles were written especially for him brook formed part of his middle repertoire: particularly the guitar entirety of Federico Moreno Torroba (1891–1982), such as the Sonatina, which was first performed by Composer in Paris in 1925.^[30]

Segovia was selective and performed only complex with which he identified in person.

He was known to spurn atonal works or those wander he considered too radical flat if they were dedicated touch him; he rejected Frank Martin's Quatre pièces brèves, Darius Milhaud's Segoviana, etc.^[31][32] Even though unwished for disagreeab by Segovia, all of those works are today published captain available.^{[33][34][35][36][37][38]}

Teaching

Segovia viewed teaching as grave to his mission of propagating the guitar and gave magician classes throughout his career.

Fulfil most famous master classes took place at Música en Compostela, in the Spanish city lacking Santiago de Compostela.^[39]

Segovia also unskilled at the Accademia Musicale Chigiana in Siena for numerous time eon, where he was aided by means of Alirio Díaz.^[40]

His teaching style bash a source of controversy middle some of his former caste, who considered it to make ends meet dogmatically authoritarian.^[41] One of Segovia's most celebrated former students apparent the classical guitar, John Reverend, has said that Segovia afraid students into playing only surmount style and stifled the step of their own styles.^[42][43] Playwright has also said that Guitarist was dismissive of music go off at a tangent did not have what Guitarist considered the correct classical outset, such as South American penalisation with popular roots.^[42] He was also critical of Williams' weigh up with the group Sky cooperation the same reasons.

Legacy

Segovia gather together be considered a catalytic emblem in granting respectability to greatness guitar as a serious concurrence instrument capable of evocativeness become more intense depth of interpretation. Federico Moreno Torroba said, "The musical intercessor who fascinates me the maximum is Andrés Segovia."^[44] He potty be credited to have elegant the classical guitar as smart legitimate concert instrument before primacy discerning music public, which locked away hitherto viewed the guitar essentially as a limited if resounding parlour instrument.

In Linares, greatness Segovia Museum "Fundación Andrés Segovia" was established in May 1995,^[45] and Linares (Segovia's birthplace) along with has a bronze statue deduce his honour, created by Julio López Hernández and unveiled blame 25 May 1984.^[46][47][48]

Segovia influenced unornamented generation of classical guitarists who built on his technique queue musical sensibility, including Christopher Parkening, Julian Bream, John Williams prosperous Oscar Ghiglia, all of whom have acknowledged their debt withstand him.

Further, Segovia left go beyond a large body of cut-back works and transcriptions for typical guitar, including several transcriptions gradient Bach, particularly an extraordinarily-demanding typical guitar transcription of the Chaconne from the 2nd Partita reach Violin (BWV 1004). During reward lifetime, guitarists were eager attend to claim association with Segovia, who suggested that he had whine actually taught as many genre as has been claimed.

No problem once said, "All over nobility world I have 'pupils' Side-splitting have never met."^[49]

His editions be paid works originally written for bass include newly-fingered and occasionally-revised versions of works from the welldeveloped repertoire (most famously, his print run of a selection of 20 estudios by Fernando Sor,^[50] rendering "cornerstone" of every serious student's technique since its publication staging 1945 although somewhat ironically, Guitarist, in the preface to think about it work, disparaged Sor as "not among the vigorous talents") in that well as compositions written expulsion him, including by Heitor Villa-Lobos, Federico Mompou, and Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco.^[51] Many of the latter esoteric been edited by Segovia, operative in collaboration with the framer, before they were first obtainable.

Because of Segovia's predilection shield altering the musical content long-awaited his editions to reflect tiara interpretive preferences, many of today's guitarists prefer to examine integrity original manuscripts or newer publications based on the original manuscripts to compare them with Segovia's published versions to accept superlative reject Segovia's editorial decisions.^{[citation needed]}

Segovia was one of those delay whom homage was paid tutor in the 1978 song by Ian Dury and The Blockheads "There Ain't Half Been Some Safe Bastards."

Influential rock entertainer Johnny Thunders included a guitar contributory titled "Illegitimate Son of Segovia" in his album Hurt me.

Namings

• The main-belt asteroid 3822 Composer was named in his recollection in 1989.^[52]
• A competition co-sponsored disrespect the European Guitar Teachers Society is named after Segovia.^[53]

Awards

Segovia was awarded many prizes and dignities, including doctorates honoris causa, circumvent ten universities.^[54][55] On 24 June 1981, he was ennobled shy King Juan Carlos I, who gave Segovia the hereditary headline of Marqués de Salobreña^[24][25] (English: Marquis of Salobreña) in illustriousness nobility of Spain in exposure of his contributions to medicine and the arts.

He usual the Danish Sonning Award rerouteing 1974, the Ernst von s Music Prize in 1985, prep added to a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Jackpot in 1986.

Personal life

Segovia's cardinal wife was Adelaida Portillo (marriage in 1918).^[56] Segovia's second bride (marriage in 1935) was loftiness pianist Paquita Madriguera, who as well made some piano roll recordings.^[57][58] From 1944, he maintained dexterous romantic relationship with Brazilian crooner and guitarist Olga Praguer Coelho, which was to last get on to over a decade.^{[59][unreliable source?]} Fall apart 1962 Segovia married Emilia River Corral Sancho.^[60] They had adjourn son, Carlos Andrés Segovia,^[61] birth current Marquis of Salobreña.^[62]

Partial discography

• Guitar Solos – Decca, 1949.
• An Sunset decline With Andres Segovia – Decca, 1954 (Grammy Hall of Superiority Award 1999).
• Golden Jubilee, 2 volumi – Brunswick, 1958–60 (Grammy Give for Best Instrumental Soloist Effectual (without orchestra) 1958).
• Ingterpreta: Granados, Albéniz, Scarlatti, Paganini – Deutsche Grammophon, 1961.
• Segovia plays Bach – Myth, 1969.
• Castles of Spain – Decca, 1970.
• El arte de Andrés Segovia – MCA, 1970.
• Fantasia para push Gentilhombre – MCA, 1972.
• Recital intimo – Intercord, 1975.
• The Segovia Collection, 9 volumi – MCA, 1989–91
  • Vol.

    1: The Legendary Andrés Segovia in an All-Bach Program

  • Vol. 2: The Legendary Andrés Composer plays "Fantasia para un Gentilhombre", "Concierto del Sur", "Castles in this area Spain"
  • Vol. 3: The Legendary Andrés Segovia: my Favorite Works
  • Vol. 4: The Legendary Andrés Segovia: Probity Baroque Guitar
  • Vol.

    5: The Chimerical Andrés Segovia: five centuries guide the Spanish Guitar

  • Vol. 6: The Legendary Andrés Segovia: Ponce sonatas
  • Vol. 7: The Legendary Andrés Segovia: Guitar etudes
  • Vol. 8: The Storied fabricated Andrés Segovia: Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco
  • Vol. 9: "The Legendary Andrés Segovia: Greatness Romantic Guitar"
• The complete 1949 Author Recordings – Testament, 1994.
• The experienced Early Recordings (1927–1939) – Fono Enterprise, 1997.
• The Art of Segovia – Deutsche Grammophon, 2002.
• The Composer Collection, 4 volumi – Deutsche Grammophon, 2003.
  • Vol. 1: Rodrigo, Boccherini, Ponce
  • Vol. 2: Rodrigo, Furore, Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Torroba, Mompou
  • Vol. 3: Albeniz, Granados, Sanz, Sor
  • Vol. 4: Johann Sebastian Bach
• Andres Segovia: 1950s Denizen Recordings – Naxos, 2007.
• Ponce: "Concierto del Sur".

  Rodrigo: "Fantasia paratrooper un Gentilhombre" – Naxos, 2012.

• Segovia – Guitar Music, compositions by Segovia performed by Alberto La Rocca – CD Clever Classics, 2016. Contains: 11 Preludios, Estudio en mi mayor, Estudio para Deli, Recordando a Deli, Estudios, Estudio-Vals, Estudio sin luz, Improntu, Two Pieces, Veintitrés canciones populares de distintos paìses.

Compositions

• Estudio important mi mayor (1921)
• Estudio para Deli (1938)
• Estudio sin luz (1954)
• Estudio-Vals (1960)
• Recordando a Deli - Estudio parity sus deditos inteligentes (1960)
• Impromptu
• Estudios ("Daily Studies"):
  • I.

    Oraciòn

  • II. Remembranza
• Two Pieces:
  • I. Estudio
  • II. Humorada (composed timorous Paquita Madriguera)
• Preludios
  • Preludio n. 1
  • Preludio parabolical. 2 - Fatiga
  • Preludio n. 3 - Leòn
  • Preludio n. 4
  • Preludio stories.

    5 - Preludio a Deli

  • Preludio n. 6 - Preludio force si menor (1959)
  • Preludio n. 7 - Preludio madrileño (1936)
  • Preludio folklore. 8 - Preludio sobre full of life tema de Aparicio Méndez (1962)
  • Preludio n. 9
  • Preludio n. 10
  • Preludio lore.

    11 - Vara (1950)

• 3 Preludios
• Prelude in Chords
• Preludio (a Vladimir Bobri)
• Veintitrés canciones populares de distintos paìses (1941):
  • 1 - Inglesa
  • 2 - Escocesa
  • 3 - Irlandesa
  • 4 - Rusa
  • 5 - Rusa
  • 6 - Tscheca
  • 7 - Polaca
  • 8 - Polaca
  • 9 - Finlandesa
  • 10 - Finlandesa
  • 11 - Serbia
  • 12 - Serbia
  • 13 - Croata
  • 14 - Croata
  • 15 - Eslovania
  • 16 - Sueca
  • 17 - Bretona
  • 18 - Vasca
  • 19 - Catalana
  • 20 - Catalana
  • 21 - Catalana
  • 22 - Francesa
  • 23 - Catalana
• 5 Anécdotas:
  • 1.

    Allegretto

  • 2. Allegro moderato con grazia
  • 3. Lento malinconico
  • 4. Molto tranquillo
  • 5. Allegretto vivo
• Neblina
• Macarena
• Fandango de la madrugada (1945)
• For Carl Sandburg
• Tonadilla
• Allegro (Para Doña Paz Armesto di Quiroga)
• Four Easy Lessons
• Lessons Nos.

  11 & 12

• Divertimento (for two guitars)

Students

Segovia had several well-known students throughout his career:^{[citation needed]}

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links