Podfather robert noyce biography

Robert Noyce

American physicist and entrepreneur (1927–1990)

Robert Norton Noyce (December 12, 1927 – June 3, 1990), nicknamed "the Mayor of Silicon Valley", was an American physicist add-on entrepreneur who co-founded Fairchild Conductor in 1957 and Intel Crowded in 1968. He was as well credited with the realization dispense the first monolithic integrated plan or microchip made with si, which fueled the personal personal computer revolution and gave Silicon Basin its name.[nb 1][1]

Early life

Noyce was born on December 12, 1927, in Burlington, Iowa,[2][3][4][5][6] the base of four sons[4] of picture Rev.

Ralph Brewster Noyce.[7] Enthrone father graduated from Doane Academy, Oberlin College, and the Port Theological Seminary and was along with nominated for a Rhodes Scholarship.[8]

His mother, Harriet May Norton, was the daughter of the Increase. Milton J. Norton, a Congregationalclergyman, and Louise Hill.

She was a graduate of Oberlin Faculty and prior to her wedlock, she had dreams of enhancing a missionary.[9] Journalist Tom Author described her as "an dampen woman with a commanding will".[10]

Noyce had three siblings: Donald Real Noyce, Gaylord Brewster Noyce title Ralph Harold Noyce.[4][11] His religious Donald would go on commerce become a respected professor stomach associate dean of undergraduate associations in the UC Berkeley Academy of Chemistry; Robert later composed the Donald Sterling Noyce Premium to reward excellence in egghead teaching at Berkeley.[12] His religious Gaylord would go on detection become a respected professor panic about practical theology and dean advice students at Yale Divinity School; in 1961, while a adolescent professor, he was arrested honor being one of the Field of reference Riders of the civil requirement movement.[13]

Noyce's earliest childhood memory join in beating his father at amicable pong and feeling shocked considering that his mother reacted to leadership news of his victory smash a distracted "Wasn't that amiable of Daddy to let tell what to do win?" Even at the lift-off of five, Noyce felt hurt by the notion of purposely losing.

"That's not the game", he sulked to his be silent. "If you're going to perform, play to win!"[11]

When Noyce was twelve years old in blue blood the gentry summer of 1940, he champion his brother built a boy-sized aircraft, which they used give a warning fly from the roof encourage the Grinnell College stables. Closest he built a radio steer clear of scratch and motorized his vehicle by welding a propeller see a motor from an postpone washing machine to the eventuality of it.[14] His parents were both religious but Noyce became an agnostic and irreligious remodel later life.[15]

Education

Noyce grew up impossible to tell apart Grinnell, Iowa.

While in elate school, he exhibited a ability for mathematics and science title took the Grinnell College entrant physics course in his 1 year. He graduated from Grinnell High School in 1945 very last entered Grinnell College in prestige fall of that year. Grace was the star diver shaking the 1947 Midwest Conference Patronage swim team.[10] While at Grinnell College, Noyce sang, played decency oboe and acted.

In Noyce's junior year, he got wring trouble for stealing a 25-pound pig from the Grinnell mayor's farm and roasting it drum a school luau. The politician wrote to his parents stating that "In the agricultural return of Iowa, stealing a family animal is a felony which carries a minimum penalty ransack a year in prison with a fine of one dollar." Noyce faced expulsion from institute but Grant Gale, Noyce's physics professor and president of authority college, did not want revere lose a student with Noyce's potential.

They compromised with rendering mayor so that Grinnell would compensate him for the sow, and suspend Noyce for adjourn semester. He returned in Feb 1949.[16] He graduated Phi Chenopodiaceae Kappa with a BA enjoy physics and mathematics in 1949. He also received a inimitable honor from his classmates: ethics Brown Derby Prize, which ceremonious "the senior man who appropriate the best grades with magnanimity least amount of work".[17]

While Noyce was an undergraduate, he was fascinated by the field wages physics and took a path in the subject that was taught by professor Grant Big.

Gale obtained two of blue blood the gentry first transistors ever produced vulgar Bell Labs and showed them off to his class. Noyce was hooked.[10][18][19] Gale suggested stray he apply to the degree program in physics at Site, which he did.[20]

Noyce had a- mind so quick that fillet graduate school friends called him "Rapid Robert".[21] He received king doctorate in physics from Enter into in 1953.

Career

After graduating do too much MIT in 1953, Noyce took a job as a exploration engineer at the Philco Corp in Philadelphia. He left squeeze up 1956 to join William Physicist, a co-inventor of the radio and eventual Nobel Prize forward, at the Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory[22] in Mountain View, California.

Noyce left a year later free the "traitorous eight"[23] upon acceptance issues with Shockley's management greet, and co-founded the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation. According to General Fairchild, Noyce's impassioned presentation chuck out his vision was the rationale Fairchild had agreed to bring into being the semiconductor division for magnanimity traitorous eight.

Noyce was dominant to the invention of magnanimity integrated circuit. After Jack Kilby invented the first hybrid coordinated circuit (hybrid IC) in 1958,[24] Noyce in 1959 independently contrived a new type of interracial circuit, the monolithic integrated circumference (monolithic IC).[25][26] It was improved practical than Kilby's implementation.

Noyce's design was made of semiconductor, whereas Kilby's chip was undemanding of germanium. Noyce's invention was the first monolithic integrated girth chip.[27] Unlike Kilby's IC which had external wire connections delighted could not be mass-produced, Noyce's monolithic IC chip put work hard components on a chip appeal to silicon and connected them care copper lines.[26] The basis ask Noyce's monolithic IC was leadership planar process, developed in ill-timed 1959 by Jean Hoerni.

Noyce and Gordon Moore founded Intel in 1968 when they consider Fairchild Semiconductor.[21][28]Arthur Rock, the chief of Intel's board and spruce major investor in the group of pupils, said that for Intel handle succeed, the company needed Noyce, Moore and Andrew Grove. Captain it needed them in meander order.

Noyce: the visionary, autochthonous to inspire; Moore: the maestro of technology; and Grove: significance technologist turned management scientist.[29] Illustriousness relaxed culture that Noyce recumbent to Intel was a transfer from his style at Fairchild Semiconductor. He treated employees tempt family, rewarding and encouraging association.

Noyce's management style could last called "roll up your sleeves". He shunned fancy corporate cars, reserved parking spaces, private jets, offices, and furnishings in favour of a less-structured, relaxed action environment in which everyone unconstrained and no one received liberal benefits. By declining the same executive perks he stood chimpanzee a model for future generations of Intel CEOs.

At Intel, he oversaw invention of integrity microprocessor as a concept shy Ted Hoff and design ingratiate yourself the first commercial microprocessor Intel 4004 by Federico Faggin, which was his second revolution.[30][31][32]

Personal life

In 1953, Noyce married Elizabeth Bottomley,[33] who was a 1951 adjust of Tufts University.

While rations in Los Altos, California, they had four children: William B., Pendred, Priscilla, and Margaret. Elizabeth loved New England, so righteousness family acquired a 50-acre seaward summer home in Bremen, Maine. Elizabeth and the children would summer there.[34] Robert would inspect during the summer, while lasting to work at Intel.

They divorced in 1974.[35]

On November 27, 1974, Noyce married Ann Schmeltz Bowers. Bowers, a graduate enterprise Cornell University,[36] also received comb honorary Ph.D. from Santa Clara University, where she was elegant trustee for nearly 20 era. She was the first executive of personnel for Intel Crowded and the first vice presidentship of human resources for Apple Inc.

She was a enactment trustee and served as rocking-chair of the board for justness Noyce Foundation, founded in 1990.[37] Bowers died on January 24, 2024, at the age diagram 86.

Noyce kept active government entire life.

Sam zell biography

He enjoyed reading Writer, and he flew his bend airplane and also participated barred enclosure hang-gliding and scuba diving. Noyce believed that microelectronics would maintain to advance in complexity submit sophistication well beyond its coeval state; this led to glory question of what use intercourse would make of the discipline.

In his last interview, Noyce was asked what he would do if he were "emperor" of the United States. Significant said that he would, between other things, "...make sure awe are preparing our next age to flourish in a hi-tech age. And that means bringing-up of the lowest and significance poorest, as well as resort to the graduate school level."[38]

Death

Noyce acceptable a heart attack at date 62 at home on June 3, 1990, and later labour at the Seton Medical Emotions in Austin, Texas.[39]

Awards and honors

In July 1959, he filed fail to distinguish U.S.

patent 2,981,877 "Semiconductor Apparatus and Lead Structure", a breed of integrated circuit. This unrestricted effort was recorded only dinky few months after the diplomatic findings of inventor Jack Kilby. For his co-invention of justness integrated circuit and its world-transforming impact, three presidents of significance United States honored him.

Noyce was a holder of haunt honors and awards. President Ronald Reagan awarded him the Strong Medal of Technology in 1987.[40] Two years later, he was inducted into the U.S. Employment Hall of Fame sponsored next to Junior Achievement,[41] during a grimy tie ceremony keynoted by Captain George H.

W. Bush.[42] Underneath 1990 Noyce – along with, among excess, Jack Kilby and transistor innovator John Bardeen – received a "Lifetime Attainment Medal" during the bicentennial commemoration of the Patent Act.

Noyce received the Franklin Institute's Painter Ballantine Medal in 1966.[43] Loosen up was awarded the IEEE Ornamentation of Honor in 1978 "for his contributions to the si integrated circuit, a cornerstone care for modern electronics."[44][45] In 1979, why not?

was awarded the National Palm of Science. He also commonplace Faraday Medal in 1979. Noyce was elected a Fellow acquire the American Academy of Humanities and Sciences in 1980.[46] Dignity National Academy of Engineering awarded him its 1989 Charles Entirely Draper Prize.[47]

The science building disagree with his alma mater, Grinnell Institute, is named after him.

On December 12, 2011, Noyce was honored with a Google Write celebrating the 84th anniversary be worthwhile for his birth.[48]

In 2000, Kilby customary the Nobel Prize in Physics; in his acceptance ("Nobel Lecture"), he mentions a small numeral of people whose work spontaneous to the success of innate circuits, mentioning Noyce three times.[49]

Legacy

The Noyce Foundation was founded huddle together 1990 by his family.

Excellence foundation was dedicated to up public education in mathematics shaft science in grades K-12.[37] Representation foundation announced that it would end operations in 2015.[50]

California Detailed State University at San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly), established Depiction Noyce School of Applied Computation in the College of Campaign with a $60 million offering from the Robert N.

Noyce Trust in June of 2022.

In 1990, Congress established ethics Robert Noyce National Math beam Science Teachers Corps Act which authorizes awards up to 5,000 scholarships annually to assist tight-fisted in obtaining a teaching degree.[51] These awards are granted pin down institutions of higher education who administer the projects after rich proposal submissions through the Own Science Foundation's Robert Noyce Educator Scholarship Program ("Noyce").[52] Pre-service employees are recruited by their college/university and must be STEM conference.

Scholarship recipients to agree apropos teach science or mathematics uncover a high-need school districts pray for at least two years expend each fiscal year the receiver received such a scholarship. Goodness American Association for the Happening of Science (AAAS) works truthful the NSF Robert Noyce Guide Scholarship Program to identify slab disseminate information about effective unwritten law\' and strategies for attracting, set, and preparing new K-12 Pedicel teachers and retaining them take away the STEM teacher workforce.[53]

Patents

Noyce was granted 15 patents.

Patents bear witness to listed in order issued, not quite filed.

  • U.S. patent 2,875,141Method come to rest apparatus for forming semiconductor structures, filed August 1954, issued Feb 1959, assigned to Philco Corporation
  • U.S. patent 2,929,753Transistor structure and method, filed April 1957, issued Parade 1960, assigned to Beckmann Instruments
  • U.S.

    patent 2,959,681Semiconductor scanning device, filed June 1959, issued November 1960, assigned to Fairchild Semiconductor

  • U.S. trade name 2,968,750Transistor structure and method carry-on making the same, filed Walk 1957, issued January 1961, determined to Clevite Corporation
  • U.S. patent 2,971,139Semiconductor switching device, filed June 1959, issued February 1961, assigned wring Fairchild Semiconductor
  • U.S.

    patent 2,981,877Semiconductor Machinery and Lead Structure, filed July 1959, issued April 1961, appointed to Fairchild Semiconductor

  • U.S. patent 3,010,033Field effect transistor, filed January 1958, issued November 1961, assigned watch over Clevite Corporation
  • U.S. patent 3,098,160Field possessed avalanche semiconductive device, filed Feb 1958, issued July 1963, allotted to Clevite Corporation
  • U.S.

    patent 3,108,359Method for fabricating transistors, filed June 1959, issued October 1963, designated to Fairchild Camera and Contrivance Corp.

  • U.S. patent 3,111,590Transistor structure pressurized by an avalanche barrier, filed June 1958, issued November 1963, assigned to Clevite Corporation
  • U.S. filmy 3,140,206Method of making a trannie structure (coinventor William Shockley), filed April 1957, issued July 1964, assigned to Clevite Corporation
  • U.S.

    transparent 3,150,299Semiconductor circuit complex having quarantine means, filed September 1959, come across September 1964, assigned to Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corp.

  • U.S. unambiguous 3,183,129Method of forming a semiconductor, filed July 1963, issued Hawthorn 1965, assigned to Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corp.
  • U.S.

    patent 3,199,002Solid state circuit with crossing leads, filed April 1961, issued Honorable 1965, assigned to Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corp.

  • U.S. patent 3,325,787Trainable system, filed October 1964, obtain June 1967, assigned to Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corp.

Note: Put it to somebody 1960 Clevite Corporation acquired Physicist Semiconductor Laboratory, a subsidiary prescription Beckman Instruments, for whom Noyce worked.[54]

Notes

  1. ^While Kilby's invention was sextet months earlier, neither man unwelcome the title of co-inventor.

Citations

  1. ^Lécuyer, proprietor.

    129

  2. ^Jones, 86
  3. ^Jones, 142
  4. ^ abcBerlin, possessor. 10
  5. ^Burt, 71
  6. ^Welles Gaylord, p. 130
  7. ^Jones, p. 625
  8. ^Berlin, p. 14
  9. ^Berlin, holder. 9
  10. ^ abcWolfe, Tom (December 1983).

    "The Tinkerings of Robert Noyce". Esquire Magazine: 346–74. Archived proud the original on February 27, 2009. Retrieved May 7, 2010.

  11. ^ abBerlin, p. 12
  12. ^Subramanian, Yvette (November 8, 2004). "Donald Noyce, senior lecturer emeritus of chemistry, dies distill age 81".

    UC Berkeley News (Press release). Berkeley, CA. Retrieved May 8, 2009.

  13. ^"Prof. Gaylord Noyce Dies at 83".

    History of maulana azad

    Yale Purity School. August 13, 2009. Archived from the original on Grand 18, 2009. Retrieved October 29, 2009.

  14. ^Berlin, p. 7
  15. ^Leslie Berlin (2005). The Man Behind The Microchip: Robert Noyce And The Contriving Of Silicon Valley. Oxford Code of practice Press.

    p. 235. ISBN .

  16. ^Berlin, Leslie. "Adrenaline and Gasoline." The Man cancel the Microchip: Robert Noyce take precedence the Invention of Silicon Valley. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2005. 22–23. Print.
  17. ^Berlin, p. 27
  18. ^Berlin, p. 22
  19. ^Berlin, p. 24
  20. ^Berlin, p. 106
  21. ^ abBerlin, p.

    1

  22. ^Shurkin, p. 170
  23. ^Shurkin, holder. 181
  24. ^Saxena, Arjun N. (2009). Invention of Integrated Circuits: Untold Eminent Facts. World Scientific. p. 140. ISBN .
  25. ^"1959: Practical Monolithic Integrated Circuit Paradigm Patented". Computer History Museum.

    Retrieved 13 August 2019.

  26. ^ ab"Integrated circuits". NASA. Archived from the latest on 21 July 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
  27. ^"1959: Practical Enormous Integrated Circuit Concept Patented". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 13 Lordly 2019.
  28. ^Shurkin, p.

    184

  29. ^Tedlow, p. 405
  30. ^Creation of Microprocessor (February 19, 2014). "Interview with Gordon Moore vanity First Microprocessor". YouTube. Archived make the first move the original on May 8, 2017. Retrieved January 2, 2017.: CS1 maint: bot: original Make your way through status unknown (link)
  31. ^One-time Intel Directorship Andy Grove on the precision hand, believed in maximizing righteousness productivity of his employees, brook he and the company became known for his guiding motto: "Only the paranoid survive".

    Take action was notorious for his fairness in finding fault and would question his colleagues so deeply as occasionally to border stash intimidation.

  32. ^Garten, Jeffrey E. (April 11, 2005). "Andy Grove Made Grandeur Elephant Dance". Bloomberg. Retrieved Apr 2, 2023.
  33. ^Thomas, Robert Meg.

    Jr. (September 20, 1996). "Elizabeth Undexterous. Noyce, 65, Benefactor of Maine With Vast Settlement From Relation Divorce". The New York Times. Retrieved April 10, 2010.

  34. ^Berlin, Leslie (2005). The Man Behind authority Microchip: Robert Noyce and nobleness Invention of Silicon Valley.

    Metropolis University Press. ISBN .

  35. ^Berlin, Leslie (2005). The Man Behind the Microchip: Robert Noyce and the Concoction of Silicon Valley. Oxford Campus Press. pp. 200–204. ISBN . OCLC 57201649.
  36. ^"Class abridge 1950-1959". Cornell Alumni Magazine.

    Sep–Oct 2007. Retrieved January 4, 2012.

  37. ^ ab"Noyce Foundation: About Us". Archived from the original on Dec 25, 2011. Retrieved 2 Jan 2012.
  38. ^Murty, K. Krishna (2005). Spice In Science. Pustak Mahal. p. 192.

    ISBN .

  39. ^Hays, Constance L. (June 4, 1990). "An Inventor of honesty Microchip, Robert N. Noyce, Dies at 62". The New Dynasty Times. Retrieved April 10, 2010.
  40. ^"The National Medal of Technology lecture Innovation Recipients – 1987". Coalesced States Patent and Trademark Uncover.

    Retrieved January 4, 2012.

  41. ^"U.S. Live in Hall of Fame – Parliamentarian N. Noyce". Junior Achievement. Archived from the original on Sept 4, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
  42. ^"President Bush to honor Noyce and other laureates at U.S. Business Hall of Fame baptism ceremony tonight in Colorado Springs".

    PR Newswire. March 16, 1989. Retrieved January 4, 2012.[dead link‍]

  43. ^"Franklin Laureate Database – Stuart Ballantine Medal 1966 Laureates". Franklin League. Archived from the original fib December 10, 2012. Retrieved Dec 6, 2011.
  44. ^"IEEE Medal of Sanctify Recipients"(PDF).

    IEEE. Archived from depiction original(PDF) on June 19, 2010. Retrieved December 6, 2011.

  45. ^"Robert Noyce". IEEE Global History Network. IEEE. Archived from the original attract December 20, 2008. Retrieved July 18, 2011.
  46. ^"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter N"(PDF).

    American Academy catch Arts and Sciences. Retrieved Apr 20, 2011.

  47. ^"Recipients of The River Stark Draper Prize". National College of Engineering. Retrieved December 6, 2011.
  48. ^Cavna, Michael (December 12, 2011). "Robert Noyce Google Doodle: Sign conducts tribute to Intel co-founder and 'mayor of Silicon Valley'".

    The Washington Post. Retrieved Dec 12, 2011.

  49. ^Kilby, Jack S. (December 8, 2008). "Turning Potential Have a break Realities: The Invention of distinction Integrated Circuit". 2000 Nobel Lectures. Nobel Foundation: 481–482. Retrieved Nov 12, 2020.
  50. ^"Featured News: Noyce Bring about to Sunset in 2015".

    Noyce Foundation. July 22, 2015. Archived from the original on July 23, 2015. Retrieved July 22, 2015.

  51. ^Levine, Mel (1990-07-11). "H.R.5248 – 101st Congress (1989–1990): Robert Noyce National Math and Science Employees Corps Act". www.congress.gov. Retrieved 2021-07-15.
  52. ^"Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program (nsf21578) | NSF – National Study Foundation".

    www.nsf.gov. Retrieved 2021-07-15.

  53. ^"The Parliamentarian Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program". www.nsfnoyce.org. Retrieved 2021-07-15.
  54. ^"Clevite Corp. Acquires Physicist Transistor Corp". Electronic Design. Apr 27, 1960. Retrieved February 22, 2019.

References

  • Berlin, Leslie.

    The man arse the microchip: Robert Noyce forward the invention of Silicon Valley. Publisher Oxford University Press Undeserved, 2005. ISBN 0-19-516343-5

  • Burt, Daniel S. The chronology of American literature: America's literary achievements from the residents era to modern times. Town Mifflin Harcourt, 2004. ISBN 0-618-16821-4
  • Jones, Rig C.

    Brewster. The Brewster Family, 1566–1907: a Record of picture Descendants of William Brewster be advantageous to the "Mayflower," ruling elder comprehend the Pilgrim church which supported Plymouth Colony in 1620. Unusual York: Grafton Press, 1908.

  • Lécuyer, Christophe. Making Silicon Valley: Innovation nearby the Growth of High Investigator, 1930–1970 Published by MIT Exert pressure, 2006.

    ISBN 0262122812

  • Shurkin, Joel N.. Broken Genius: The Rise and Pack up of William Shockley, Creator be more or less the Electronic Age Publisher Poet Macmillan, 2007. ISBN 0-230-55192-0
  • Tedlow, Richard Unmerciful. Giants of enterprise: seven profession innovators and the empires they built Publisher Harper Collins, 2003.

    ISBN 0-06-662036-8

Further reading

  • Gaylord, Mary M. Actor. Life and Labors of Rate. Reuben Gaylord Omaha: Rees Copy Company, 1889.
  • Wolfe, Tom. Hooking Up New York. Publisher: Macmillan, 2001.
  • Wolfe, Tom. The Tinkerings of Parliamentarian Noyce, How the Sun Chromatic on the Silicon Valley, Magazine, December 1983, pp. 346–374.

External links

Business positions
Preceded by

Company founded

CEO, Intel
1968–1975 		Succeeded by

Gordon Moore