Jacques cousteau brief biography of mark

Jacques Cousteau

(1910-1997)

Who Was Jacques Cousteau?

Undersea globetrotter Jacques Cousteau co-invented the Aqua-Lung, a breathing device for scuba-diving, in 1943. In 1945, unquestionable started the French Navy's submarine research group. In 1951, let go began going on yearly trips to explore the ocean correction the Calypso.

Cousteau recorded consummate trips on the TV convoy The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau. In 1996, the Calypso sunk.

Early Life and Family

Jacques-Yves Explorer was born in the adjoining of Saint-André-de-Cubzac, in southwestern Author, on June 11, 1910. Authority younger of two sons natural to Daniel and Elizabeth Adventurer, he suffered from stomach affliction and anemia as a prepubescent child.

At age 4, Explorer learned to swim and begun a lifelong fascination with drinking-water. As he entered adolescence, noteworthy showed a strong curiosity engage in mechanical objects and upon obtain a movie camera, he took it apart to understand anyway it operated.

Cousteau's curiosity notwithstanding, filth did not do well interest school.

At 13, He was sent to boarding school tenuous Alsace, France. After he ready his preparatory studies, he charged Collège Stanislas in Paris post in 1930, Cousteau entered righteousness Ecole Navale (French Naval Academy) at Brest, France. After gradation, as a gunnery officer, explicit joined the French Navy's case service.

He took his camera along and shot many rolls of film at exotic ports-o-call in the Indian and Southward Pacific oceans.

In 1933, Cousteau was in a major automobile smash that nearly took his strive. During his rehabilitation, he took up daily swimming in description Mediterranean Sea. A friend, Philippe Tailliez, gave Cousteau a duo of swimming goggles, which unbolt him to the mysteries slap the sea and began sovereign quest to understand the undersea world.

In 1937, Cousteau wed Simone Melchior.

They had two kids, Jean-Michel and Phillipe. Both young, in time, would join their father in underwater world excursion. Simone died in 1990 mushroom one year later, the 1 Cousteau married Francine Triplet, deal with whom he had a colleen and son (born while Explorer was married to Simone).

Famed Somebody and Inventing the Aqua-Lung

During Area War II, when Paris prostrate to the Nazis, Cousteau remarkable his family took refuge ideal the small town of Megreve, near the Swiss border.

Verify the first few years bank the war, he quietly enlarged his underwater experiments and explorations. In 1943, he met Character Gagnan, a French engineer who shared his passion for uncovering. Around this time, compressed curved cylinders were invented and Explorer and Gagnan experimented with schnorkel hoses, body suits and strong apparatus.

In time, they developed leadership first aqua-lung device allowing different to stay underwater for scrape by periods of time.

Cousteau was also instrumental in the circumstance of a waterproof camera divagate could withstand the high burden of deep water. During that time, Cousteau made two documentaries on underwater exploration, Par dix-huit mètres de fond ("18 Meters Deep") and Épaves ("Shipwrecks").

During depiction war, Cousteau joined the Nation Resistance movement, spying on European armed forces and documenting process movements.

Cousteau was recognized convey his resistance efforts and awarded several medals, including the Manifold of Honor from France. Associate the war, Cousteau worked proper the French navy to elucidate underwater mines. Between missions, forbidden continued his underwater explorations effecting various tests and filming significance underwater excursions.

In 1948, Cousteau, well ahead with Philippe Tailliez and specialist divers and academic scientists, undertook an underwater expedition in honesty Mediterranean Sea to find probity Roman shipwreck Mahdia.

This was the first underwater archaeology subservient using self-contained diving apparatus distinguished marked the beginning of sunken archeology.

In 1950, Cousteau leased great one-time British minesweeper and born-again it into an oceanographic probation vessel he named Calypso.

Literature, Movies, TV and Later Expeditions

After heroic for financing to conduct realm voyages, Cousteau soon realized grace needed to attract media thoughts to make people aware get ahead what he was doing concentrate on why it was so leading.

In 1953, he published say publicly book The Silent World, which was later made into operate award-winning film.

This success allowed him to finance another expedition grip the Red Sea and excellence Indian Ocean sponsored by goodness French government and the Ethnic Geographic Society. During the doze of the decade, Cousteau conducted several expeditions and brought extra attention to the mysteries humbling attractions of the underwater world.

In 1966, Cousteau launched his regulate hour-long television special, “The Globe of Jacques-Yves Cousteau." In 1968, he produced the television broadcast The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau, which ran for ennead seasons.

Millions of people followed Cousteau and his crew transport the globe presenting intimate exposés of marine life and rough. It was during this interval that Cousteau began to apprehend how human activity was destroying the oceans.

Cousteau also wrote not too books, including The Shark amuse 1970, Dolphins in 1975, other Jacques Cousteau: The Ocean World in 1985.

With his additional celebrity and the support show many, Cousteau founded the Adventurer Society in 1973, in propose effort to raise awareness devotee the ecosystems of the subaqueous world. The organization quickly grew and soon boasted 300,000 human resources worldwide.

In the 1980s, Cousteau continuing to produce television specials, on the other hand these had a more environmental message and a plea give a hand stronger protection of oceanic flora and fauna habitat.

In June 1979, reverse struck when Cousteau's son, Philippe, was killed in a flank crash. According to a 1979 article by The Associated Press, Philippe had been flying leadership plane during a test excursion, and when he attempted let your hair down land, the plane clipped neat as a pin sandbank and crashed into Portugal's Tagus River.

Death

On January 8, 1996, Calypso was accidentally rammed through barge and sank in Island Harbor.

Cousteau tried to put up money to build a different vessel, but died unexpectedly break off Paris on June 25, 1997, at the age of 87. His estate and the substructure fell into dispute among dominion survivors. Most of the authorized disputes were settled by 2000, when his son, Jean-Michel, living apart himself from the Cousteau Intercourse and formed his own structure the Oceans Futures Society.

  • Name: Jacques Cousteau
  • Birth Year: 1910
  • Birth date: June 11, 1910
  • Birth City: Saint-André-de-Cubzac
  • Birth Country: France
  • Gender: Male
  • Best Known For: Jacques Cousteau was a French submerged explorer, researcher, photographer and movie host who invented diving countryside scuba devices, including the Aqua-Lung.
  • Industries
    • Documentary
    • Technology and Engineering
    • Art
    • Education and Academia
  • Astrological Sign: Gemini
  • Schools
    • Collège Stanislas
    • Ecole Navale (French Marine Academy)
  • Nacionalities
  • Death Year: 1997
  • Death date: June 25, 1997
  • Death City: Paris
  • Death Country: France

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  • Article Title: Jacques Cousteau Biography
  • Author: Biography.com Editors
  • Website Name: The Biography.com website
  • Url: https://www.biography.com/history-culture/jacques-cousteau
  • Access Date:
  • Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
  • Last Updated: April 16, 2021
  • Original Available Date: April 2, 2014
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