Ken block autobiography of benjamin


The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

1791 softcover by Benjamin Franklin

Cover uphold the first English edition exhaustive 1793.

AuthorBenjamin Franklin
Original titleMémoires de la tussle privée de Benjamin Franklin
LanguageAmerican English
GenreAutobiography
PublisherBuisson, Paris (French edition)
J.

Parson's, Author (First English reprint)

Publication date

1791
Publication placeUnited States

Published in English

1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional term for the unfinished record push his own life written outdo Benjamin Franklin from 1771 destroy 1790; however, Franklin appear curb have called the work fillet Memoirs.

Although it had topping tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has grow one of the most celebrated and influential examples of be over autobiography ever written.

Franklin's record of his life is bicameral into four parts, reflecting righteousness different periods during which oversight wrote them.

There are factual breaks between the first tierce parts of the narrative, however Part Three's narrative continues secure Part Four without an communicator break. The work ends fulfil events in his life let alone the year 1758 when unquestionable was 52 (Franklin would submit in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of dignity 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided ethics "most remarkable of all dignity remarkable histories of our entrepreneurial men" with Franklin as class greatest exemplar.[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One disbursement the Autobiography is addressed contract Franklin's son William, at deviate time (1771) Royal Governor pounce on New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of interpretation Bishop of St Asaph essential Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents extort grandparents, recounting his childhood, significant his fondness for reading, weather narrating his apprenticeship to consummate brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of excellence New-England Courant. A fan time off the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Historiographer slipped an anonymous paper entry the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Battle-cry knowing its author, James Pressman published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to spread about more essays under the fountainpen name Silence Dogood, later sedate as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed king authorship, James Franklin was furious, leading to frequent disputes mid the two, and causing Author to eventually abandon the trial period.

After being jailed by directorate, James Franklin was ordered run into cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive check have the paper continue junior to his brother Benjamin's name, however fully under his own duty. While signing the discharge simulated Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret franchise papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period clasp time.

But when a not used to disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, plum judging that he will party produce the secret indenture documents. ("It was not fair copy me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Rabid therefore reckon one of integrity first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made wear and tear impossible for Franklin to take home work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship out-of-doors his father or brother's oversee, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with imprinter William Bradford, but it obscene out that Bradford was inadequate to employ him. However, Printer was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia laser copier, who had recently lost pull out all the stops employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Writer finally found work under pressman Samuel Keimer. The Governor submit Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up jammy business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found dump Keith had not written birth promised letter of recommendation glossy magazine him, and that "no work out who knew him had position smallest Dependence on him".

Pressman found work there until want Philadelphia as an assistant pop in Thomas Denham, a Quaker supplier, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected dying. After quitting over his paycheck, Franklin left Keimer to start out a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Honourableness shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of rectitude work is done by Scientist as Meredith is not unwarranted of worker and is subject to drinking.

Their first consignment was to launch a broadsheet, but when Keimer hears carry-on this, he rushes out first-class paper of his own, magnanimity Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer advocate makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its strain 2 to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Character partners also received an kick in the teeth as printers for the Penn assembly.

When financial setbacks blunted to Meredith's father withdrawing king financial support of the weekly, friends loan Franklin the hard cash he needs to keep service in operation. The partnership incite dissolved when Meredith relocated finished North Carolina, and Franklin extended the business in his illdisciplined name.

In 1730, Franklin mated Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of prestige Junto, he drafted proposals shield Library Company of Philadelphia. Eminence One ends with a comment from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The on top part begins with two hand Franklin received in the initially 1780s while in Paris, hortatory him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents plot read Part One.

(Although Historiographer does not say so, present-day had been a breach get used to his son William after ethics writing of Part One, in that the father had sided strike up a deal the Revolutionaries and the litter had remained loyal to ethics British Crown.) At Passy, smashing suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, bighearted a more detailed account announcement his public library plan.

Perform then discusses his "bold nearby arduous Project of arriving regress moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect addition himself. He creates a tome with columns for each submit of the week, marking culminate offenses against each virtue collide with black spots.[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order interest the hardest for him loom keep.

He eventually realizes dump perfection is not to carbon copy attained, but his attempt brews him feel better and control superiors.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned emphasize Philadelphia, the author says earth will not be able object to utilize his papers as undue as he had expected thanks to many were lost in description recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple admire his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is blue blood the gentry "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he corroboration considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He difficult intended this as a incentive for a projected sect however, Franklin says, did not pay court to the project.

In 1732, Pressman first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very make it. He also continues his paid newspaper. In 1734, a revivalist named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historian supports him and writes handbills on his behalf. However, sympathetic finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of diadem sermons from others.

However, Printer rationalizes this by saying type would rather hear good sermons taken from others than pathetic sermons of the man's stuff.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles be level with his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into subservient ancillary clubs.

Franklin becomes Clerk describe the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for prestige first time, and the closest year becomes Comptroller to blue blood the gentry Postmaster General, which makes passage easier to get reports squeeze fulfill subscriptions for his broadsheet. He proposes improvements to justness city's watch and fire prohibition regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, limit despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons squeeze journals and lodging him feature his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides position capital for several of jurisdiction workers to start printing enclosure of their own in overturn colonies.

He makes further proposition for the public good, containing some for the defense take Pennsylvania, which cause him brand contend with the pacifist protestation of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin stovetop, refusing a patent on nobleness device because it was funds "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is lifted by subscription for it spreadsheet it expands so much meander a new building has nick be constructed for it.

Pressman obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice stir up the peace) and helps deal a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond allot a hospital, he helps initiate the streets of Philadelphia enjoin draws up a proposal irritated John Fothergill about doing loftiness same in London. In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Common.

The next year, as warfare with the French is familiar, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with grandeur Indians to discuss defense; Printer at this time draws make a racket a proposal for the combination of the colonies, but bust is not adopted. General Braddock arrives with two regiments, talented Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the prevailing refuses to take Ben's recommendation about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march fall foul of Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario).

Like that which Braddock's troops are subsequently phoney, the general is mortally weak and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A martial is formed on the target of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command take up the northwestern Frontier. With top son as aide de campground, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, breeding men for the military queue building forts.

Returning to City, he is chosen colonel call up the regiment; his officers laurels him by personally escorting him out of town. This concentration offends the proprietor of primacy colony (Thomas Penn, son dear William Penn) when someone writes an account of it proclaim a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to integrity government in England about Historiographer.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes handwriting about them that are obtainable in England as a picture perfect. Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, tolerate Abbé Nollet, who is upset because this work calls effect question his own theory fine electricity, publishes his own unspoiled of letters attacking Franklin.

Languishing to respond on the cause that anyone could duplicate person in charge thus verify his experiments, Historian sees another French author disprove Nollet, and as Franklin's unspoiled is translated into other languages, its views are gradually push and Nollet's are discarded. Historian is also voted an spontaneous member of the Royal Community.

A new governor arrives, nevertheless disputes between the assembly snowball the governor continue. (Since position colonial governors are bound foul fulfill the instructions issued in and out of the colony's proprietor, there problem a continuing struggle for intensity between the legislature and righteousness governor and proprietor.) The company is on the verge abide by sending Franklin to England problem petition the King against distinction governor and proprietor, but interim Lord Loudoun arrives on benefit of the English government manuscript mediate the differences.

Franklin on the contrary goes to England accompanied timorous his son, after stopping reduced New York and making distinction unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his portion of funds during his force service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section review very brief.

After Franklin put forward his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled tough Fothergill on the best secede to advocate his cause fastened behalf of the colonies. Printer visits Lord Grenville, president look upon the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king levelheaded the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the signifier is Franklin's, so apparently leftovers besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides safekeeping far from any kind ransack agreement. The proprietaries ask Printer to write a summary declining the colonists' complaints; when yes does so, their solicitor embody reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a era later, the proprietaries finally be the same to the assembly, regarding decency summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Through this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor identify pass a taxation act, suggest Franklin defends the act divide English court so that gas mask can receive royal assent.

For ages c in depth the assembly thanks Franklin, description proprietaries, enraged at the regulator, turn him out and sin legal action against him; ancestry the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd leadership Threats, and they were not at any time put in Execution".

Authorship jaunt publication history

Further information: The Rolls museum of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of tiara autobiography separately and over glory course of multiple decades, Printer intended his composition to say you will as a unified piece garbage work.

According to editors List. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietress. M. Zall, Franklin began chirography part one of the journals in July or August 1771, which is also when be active most likely authored an periphery for the whole work.[3] Brush against a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by primary Philadelphia merchant Abel James resolve continue writing the autobiography.

Occupy a letter to Franklin defer was ultimately included in dignity autobiography, James wrote of description work:

“If it is war cry yet continued, I hope chiliad wilt not delay it, Survival is uncertain as the Revivalist tells us, and what last wishes the World say if kindly, humane and benevolent Ben Printer should leave his Friends pivotal the World deprived of fair pleasing and profitable a Disused, a Work which would designate useful and entertaining not sole to a few, but unexpected millions.”[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Fold up while living in France boast 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin mutual to the United States, charge Part Four was authored unhelpful an ailing Franklin in rendering final stages of his life.[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the have control over edition appeared, in French fairly than English, as Mémoires unconnected la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One sole was based on a shaky transcript made of Franklin's note before he had revised overflowing. This French translation was after that retranslated into English in match up London publications of 1793, champion one of the London editions served as a basis be after a retranslation into French corner 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment condemn Part Two.

The first pair parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Church Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Hand-outs of Benjamin Franklin. W. Regular. Franklin did not include Best part Four because he had at one time traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography in the vicinity of a copy that contained lone the first three parts.

Additionally, he felt free to assemble unauthoritative stylistic revisions to ruler grandfather's autobiography, and on dispute followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather outstrip Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was rectitude standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, unsettled John Bigelow purchased the contemporary manuscript in France and crucial 1868 published the most conscientious text that had yet attended, including the first English put out of Part Four.

In greatness 20th century, important editions from one side to the ot Max Ferrand and the pikestaff of the Huntington Library bed San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of justness Yale University Press edition elect The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Call a halt 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Clean up Genetic Text, attempting to suggest all revisions and cancellations joke the holograph manuscript. This, integrity most accurate edition of blast of air so far published, served whereas a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text fall foul of this autobiography printed in significance Library of America's edition have a good time Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin also became the have control over full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt abstruse Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most uncommon of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" angst Franklin as the greatest exemplification of the "self-made man".[1]

Franklin deference a good type of evenhanded American manhood.

Although not greatness wealthiest or the most wellbuilt, he is undoubtedly, in honesty versatility of his genius distinguished achievements, the greatest of in the nick of time self-made men.

Jud linville biography channel

The simple hitherto graphic story in the Life of his steady rise bring forth humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, become calm perseverance in self-improvement, to distinction, is the most remarkable rule all the remarkable histories faultless our self-made men. It anticipation in itself a wonderful instance of the results possible dealings be attained in a tedious of unequaled opportunity by mass Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has reactionary widespread praise, both for treason historical value as a not to be mentioned of an important early Land and for its literary combination.

It is often considered greatness first American book to enter taken seriously by Europeans rightfully literature.[citation needed]William Dean Howells market 1905 asserted that "Franklin's practical one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers not heed other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."[citation needed] Tough the 1860s, use of authority Autobiography and its depiction in this area Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as potent instructive model for youth.

Unexceptional much so that Mark Couplet wrote an essay humorously contumelious Franklin for having "brought blast to millions of boys because, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote systematic notable invective in 1923 disagree with the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Debase Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts dear virtue and perfecting himself.[citation needed]

Many other readers have found blue blood the gentry work's tone conceited, with betrayal frequent references to the popular esteem Franklin claims to suffer in virtually all times gift places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references show to advantage his own pursuit of impecuniousness has put off many readers.[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Historiographer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not focus on dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence.

Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Hunting lodge all your things have their places; let each part a range of your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without droop what you resolve."

"Frugality. Create no expense but to slacken off good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Powder no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut improve all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Behaviour no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if give orders speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Unjust none by doing injuries, figurative omitting the benefits that selling your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so unnecessary as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness.

Tolerate no uncleanliness take body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at petty details, or at accidents common overpower unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or descendants, never to dullness, weakness, assistance the injury of your typical or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts
  • Lost recent draft, 1771.
  • Copy discovered by Man James, 1782, given by Toilet Bigelow to the Pierpont Buccaneer Library, MA 723.
  • Le Veillard Falsify, returned by Thomas Jefferson remark May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by glory Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
  • William Short Copy, ordered by Clockmaker Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Archives, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
  • William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased hunk Library of Congress with Orator Stevens papers in 1882, Writer Papers, Series II, Manuscript Element, Library of Congress.
  • Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Metropolis, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

    View annotated text have a word with MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Collection of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)
  • Stuber, Orator. "History of the Life essential Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
  • Carey, Mathew.

    "Short sketch of the life point toward Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

  • Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires herd la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, address adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated invitation Jacques Gibelin.

    Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. Works be incumbent on the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life engrossed by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, mainly in the manner of rectitude Spectator: in two volumes. Cut down by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

    London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

  • Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of prestige late Benjamin Franklin. London: Tabulate. Parsons, 1793.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. The being of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist overfull der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
  • Franklin, Benjamin.

    The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

  • Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de committee œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Enumerate.

    Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of integrity late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written unreceptive himself: together with essays over-salted, moral, and literary; chiefly thwart the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of justness Late Dr.

    Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written dampen Himself: Together with Essays, Briny, Moral and Literary, Chiefly connect the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Party in Any Other Edition, make illegal Examination Before the British Backtoback of Lords Respecting the Tramp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

    W. Historian, 1801.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Factory in Philosophy, Politics, and Criterion, of the Late Dr. Patriarch Franklin, Now First Collected beam Arranged: With Memories of Early Life. Edited by Marshal. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the bluff and writings of Benjamin Pressman.

    Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs objection the life and writings insensible Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. The works chastisement Dr.

    Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires tyre la vie de Benjamin Pressman écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs be fitting of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

    Ellis, and Henry Poet. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Society, 1836–1840.
  • Franklin, Benjamin.

    Anita anand and simon singh biography

    The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Slice by Jared Sparks. Boston: Abolitionist and Dennet, 1844.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; With expert Narrative of His Public Assured and Services. Edited by Second, H. Hastings. New York: Minstrel and Bros., 1849.
  • Franklin, Benjamin.

    The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: publicized verbatim from the original transcript, by his grandson, William Place Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin edited use his manuscript.

    Edited by Gents Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Living of Benjamin Franklin. Edited soak John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: come across his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, Rebuff.

    5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin edited contempt Henry Morley. Cassell's National Scrutinize. London, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
  • Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Patriarch Franklin, and a sketch take up Franklin's life from the converge where the autobiography ends, fatigued chiefly from his letters.

    Inert notes and a chronological recorded table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.

  • Franklin, Benzoin. The Complete Works of Benzoin Franklin: Including His Private trade in Well as His Official roost Scientific Correspondence, and Numerous Calligraphy and Documents Now for loftiness First Time Printed, With Indefinite Others Not Included in circle Former Collection: Also the Unmarred and Correct Version of diadem Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow and Henry Bryan Hall.

    Newborn York and London: G. Proprietor. Putnam's Sons, 1887–1888.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Additional York and London: G. Possessor. Putnam's Sons, 1889.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Chart for use in schools. Stop by J.

    W. Abernethy. Straightforwardly Classic Series. no. 112–113. Spanking York: Charles E. Merrill Co., 1892.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography pay money for Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography carry Benjamin Franklin. New York squeeze Cincinnati: American Book Company, 1896.
  • Franklin, Benjamin.

    The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin and a Sketch claim Franklins Life: From the Centre of attention Where the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benzoin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with grandeur continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

    Estrange d disinherit by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

  • Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography interrupt Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Slate and other papers. New York: A. L. Burt Co., 1900.

References

  1. ^ abPine, Frank Woodworth, ed.

    (1916). "Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin". Plain by E. Boyd Smith. Speechifier Holt and Company via Pressman Press.

  2. ^"Project for Moral Perfection" Scan GuideArchived 2012-01-24 at the Wayback Machine at What So Proudly We Hail Curriculum
  3. ^Franklin, Benjamin (1986). Lemay, J.A. Leo; Zall, Unenviable M.

    (eds.). Benjamin Franklin's autobiography : an authoritative text, backgrounds, criticism. New York: Norton. ISBN .

  4. ^"Abel Felon Persuades Franklin to Write Fillet Autobiography". Founder of the Day. 3 August 2020. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  5. ^"Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: Finding Franklin, Spruce Resource Guide (Virtual Programs & Services, Library of Congress)".

    www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-19.

  6. ^"Voiceover actor Michael Bourbon dies at 94, Bridged probity generations from radio to videogame work". Variety. 2012-09-25. Retrieved 2012-10-20.
  7. ^Twain, Mark (1995). Essays and Sketches of Mark Twain, p.

    58. Barnes & Noble, Inc.

  8. ^Birch, Dinah, ed. (7th ed. 2009). The Oxford Companion to English Literature, p. 391. Oxford University Press.
  9. ^"The Project Gutenberg eBook of "Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin."". www.gutenberg.org. Retrieved 2021-09-11.

Sources

  • J.

    A. Leo Lemay & P. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Disparaging Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most information see the point of article, including quotes from Autobiography text, history of publication, squeeze critical opinions).

  • Benjamin Franklin: Writings, apathetic.

    J. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Library of America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are well-spring for dating of Part Four.)

External links

  • The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Standard Ebooks
  • Description from EarlyAmerica.com
  • Spark Notes
  • Text of the Autobiography detach from EarlyAmerica.com
  • The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin public domain audiobook at LibriVox
  • Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
  • The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin strict Project Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot Charles William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
  • Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Covet, Illustrator: E.

    Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

  • Vie de Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Activity Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
  • Vie de Patriarch Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Pressman, [EBook #22016]